[{"id":174,"title":"SCOM ile Active Directory Replikasyon \u0130zleme","content":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h1>Active Directory \u0130&ccedil;in SCOM Monit&ouml;r Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h1>\r\n<p><strong>Ger&ccedil;ek d&uuml;nyadaki sorunlara dokunan, insan odakl\u0131 rehber<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Kurumsal ortamlarda Active Directory&rsquo;nin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, t&uuml;m yap\u0131n\u0131n ayakta kalmas\u0131 i&ccedil;in kritik bir rol oynar. Peki b&ouml;ylesine &ouml;nemli bir altyap\u0131y\u0131 SCOM ile nas\u0131l en do\u011fru \u015fekilde izleyebiliriz? Bu yaz\u0131da, tamamen pratik sahadan edinilmi\u015f bilgilerle; monitor ayarlar\u0131ndan alert yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131na, otomatik te\u015fhis g&ouml;revlerinden dashboard tasar\u0131m\u0131na kadar SCOM &uuml;zerinde AD replikasyon ve performans izlemesinin &ldquo;insani&rdquo; bir anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\r\n<p>Hadi ba\u015flayal\u0131m. \u2615<\/p>\r\n<hr>\r\n<h1>1. Temel Monit&ouml;rler<\/h1>\r\n<p>Active Directory replikasyonu, DC&rsquo;ler aras\u0131ndaki uyumun kalbi gibidir. Bu kalbe g&ouml;z kulak olmak i&ccedil;in SCOM bize g&uuml;&ccedil;l&uuml; monit&ouml;r mekanizmalar\u0131 sunar.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Replikasyon Durum Monit&ouml;rleri<\/h2>\r\n<p>Replikasyon gecikmesi yaln\u0131zca teknik bir veri de\u011fildir; geciken bir parola, g&uuml;ncellenmeyen bir grup &uuml;yeli\u011fi veya yanl\u0131\u015f &ccedil;al\u0131\u015fan bir uygulama anlam\u0131na gelebilir.<\/p>\r\n<p>Bu y&uuml;zden kritik e\u015fikler tan\u0131ml\u0131yoruz:<\/p>\r\n<pre><code>- AD Replication Latency Monitor  \r\n  Threshold: 180 dakika  \r\n  Severity: Critical  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<p>Replikasyon tamamen durdu\u011funda ise daha acil harekete ge&ccedil;ilmesi gerekir:<\/p>\r\n<pre><code>- AD Replication Failure Monitor  \r\n  Interval: 5 dakika  \r\n  Consecutive Samples: 3  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<h2>Performans Monit&ouml;rleri<\/h2>\r\n<p>Performans sayac\u0131 demek, &ldquo;arka planda ger&ccedil;ekten ne oluyor?&rdquo; sorusunun cevab\u0131d\u0131r. LDAP bind s&uuml;releri uzuyorsa, Directory write\/read say\u0131lar\u0131 art\u0131yorsa bir \u015feylerin ters gitti\u011fini SCOM bize &ouml;nceden haber verir.<\/p>\r\n<p>Toplanan baz\u0131 &ouml;nemli metrikler:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>DS Directory Reads\/sec<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>DS Directory Writes\/sec<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>LDAP Client Sessions<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>LDAP Bind Time<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<hr>\r\n<h1>2. &Ouml;zel Monit&ouml;r Kurallar\u0131<\/h1>\r\n<p>Bazen standart monit&ouml;rler yetmez. Kurumun dinamiklerine g&ouml;re &ouml;zel e\u015fikler tan\u0131mlamak gerekir. &Ouml;rne\u011fin replikasyonun genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y&uuml;zdesel olarak &ouml;l&ccedil;mek istiyorsan\u0131z:<\/p>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-powershell\">Monitor Type: AD Replication  \r\nPercentage Failed: %20  \r\nSample Count: 5  \r\nWindow: 15 dakika  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<p>Bu t&uuml;r kurallar, replikasyonun \"genel gidi\u015fat\u0131n\u0131\" g&ouml;zlemlemenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\r\n<hr>\r\n<h1>3. Alert Yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131<\/h1>\r\n<p>SCOM yaln\u0131zca izlemekle kalmaz; gerekti\u011finde ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. Do\u011fru ayarlanm\u0131\u015f alert&rsquo;ler hayat kurtar\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Kritik Alertler<\/h2>\r\n<h3>&nbsp;Replikasyon Gecikmesi<\/h3>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-xml\">High Replication Latency  \r\nThreshold: 180 Minutes  \r\nSeverity: High\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<h3>Replikasyon Hatas\u0131<\/h3>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-xml\">Replication Failure  \r\nConsecutive Failures: 3  \r\nSeverity: Critical\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<h2>Uyar\u0131 Monit&ouml;rleri<\/h2>\r\n<p>Aktif Directory&rsquo;nin karanl\u0131k kabusu olan &ldquo;lingering objects&rdquo; ve &ldquo;tombstone lifetime&rdquo; gibi konular\u0131 g&ouml;z ard\u0131 etmemek gerekir.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Tombstone Lifetime &rarr; 45\/55 g&uuml;n<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Lingering Object Detection &rarr; G&uuml;nl&uuml;k kontrol<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<hr>\r\n<h1>4. Performans Collection Rules<\/h1>\r\n<p>SCOM, performans verisi toplarken gelecekteki analizler i&ccedil;in paha bi&ccedil;ilemez bir kaynak olu\u015fturur:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>LDAP Client Sessions<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>DRA Pending Replication Operations<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Bind Time<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Reads\/Writes per sec<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Bu veriler ile bir bak\u0131\u015fta:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>AD yo\u011fun mu?<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Replikasyon t\u0131kan\u0131yor mu?<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>LDAP oturumlar\u0131 anormal art\u0131\u015fta m\u0131?<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>gibi sorular\u0131n cevab\u0131n\u0131 bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\r\n<h1>&nbsp;5. Diagnostic &amp; Recovery Tasks<\/h1>\r\n<p>SCOM&rsquo;un sundu\u011fu otomatik g&ouml;revler, y&ouml;neticilerin &uuml;zerinden b&uuml;y&uuml;k bir y&uuml;k al\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Otomatik Te\u015fhis G&ouml;revi<\/h2>\r\n<p>Her 4 saatte bir replikasyonun sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ettirmek istemez misiniz?<\/p>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-powershell\">repadmin \/showrepl * \/csv | Where-Object { $_.\"Number of Failures\" -gt 0 }\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<h2>Otomatik Kurtarma G&ouml;revleri<\/h2>\r\n<p>Bir DC replikasyon yapm\u0131yorsa SCOM&rsquo;un otomatik senkronizasyon ba\u015flatmas\u0131 paha bi&ccedil;ilemez:<\/p>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-powershell\">repadmin \/syncall \/A \/e \/P\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<hr>\r\n<h1>6. Dashboard ve Raporlama<\/h1>\r\n<p>\u0130zlemek kadar, izledi\u011fini do\u011fru bi&ccedil;imde g&ouml;stermek de &ouml;nemlidir. SCOM dashboard'u bir AD y&ouml;netici i&ccedil;in kontrol kulesidir.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Dashboard bile\u015fenleri:<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<p><strong>Replication Status<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p><strong>LDAP\/Directory performance<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p><strong>Domain Controller Health<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Rapor taraf\u0131nda ise ge&ccedil;mi\u015fe y&ouml;nelik replikasyon gecikmelerini g&ouml;rebilece\u011finiz &ouml;zel SQL raporlar\u0131 b&uuml;y&uuml;k kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flar.<\/p>\r\n<hr>\r\n<h1>7. Best Practices<\/h1>\r\n<p>\u0130\u015fin &ouml;zeti: her monit&ouml;r &ouml;nemli de\u011fildir, ama do\u011fru monit&ouml;rler hayat kurtar\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<h3>&Ouml;nerilen e\u015fikler:<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Replikasyon gecikmesi: <strong>180 dakika<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Consecutive failures: <strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Collection interval: <strong>5 dakika<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Alert da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131:<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Critical &rarr; <strong>SMS<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Warning &rarr; <strong>E-mail<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Info &rarr; <strong>Log<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Maintenance Window:<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Haftal\u0131k &rarr; Pazar 02:00&ndash;06:00<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li>\r\n<p>Ayl\u0131k &rarr; Ay\u0131n ilk Cumartesi 23:00&ndash;03:00<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<hr>\r\n<h1>8. Sorun Giderme<\/h1>\r\n<p>SCOM&rsquo;tan alert ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda nereden ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bilmek hayat kurtar\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Replikasyon gecikmesi i&ccedil;in:<\/h3>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-powershell\">repadmin \/showrepl\r\nCheck DNS  \r\nCheck AD services  \r\nCheck network latency  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<h3>Replikasyon hatas\u0131 i&ccedil;in:<\/h3>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-powershell\">dcdiag \/test:replications  \r\nrepadmin \/showrepl * \/csv  \r\nCheck Event Viewer  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<hr>\r\n<h1>9. Faydal\u0131 PowerShell Scriptleri<\/h1>\r\n<p>G&uuml;nl&uuml;k operasyonlarda i\u015finizi kolayla\u015ft\u0131racak baz\u0131 scriptler:<\/p>\r\n<h3>DC&rsquo;lerin sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrol&uuml;:<\/h3>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-powershell\">Get-ADDomainController -Filter * | ForEach-Object { ... }\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<h3>Performans &ouml;l&ccedil;&uuml;m&uuml;:<\/h3>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-powershell\">Get-Counter -Counter \"\\DirectoryServices\\DS Directory Reads\/sec\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<hr>\r\n<p>Bu rehber, Active Directory replikasyon ve performans izleme s&uuml;re&ccedil;lerini SCOM &uuml;zerinde en iyi \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131rmak isteyen y&ouml;neticiler i&ccedil;in pratik, insan odakl\u0131 bir yol haritas\u0131 sunuyor.<\/p>\r\n<p>Do\u011fru monit&ouml;rler + do\u011fru alert&rsquo;ler + do\u011fru otomasyon = Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve sorunsuz bir AD altyap\u0131s\u0131.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","excerpt":"Bu detayl\u0131 SCOM monit\u00f6r yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131: - Temel ve geli\u015fmi\u015f monit\u00f6rleri i\u00e7erir - Alert yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 detayland\u0131r\u0131r - Performans metriklerini a\u00e7\u0131klar - Otomatik te\u015fhis ve d\u00fczeltme g\u00f6revlerini tan\u0131mlar - Dashboard ve raporlama \u00f6rnekleri sunar - Best practices ve sorun giderme y\u00f6ntemlerini i\u00e7erir","created_at":"2025-01-27 14:36:16","updated_at":"2026-09-06 12:39:32","category_id":6,"view_count":604,"reading_time":4,"status":"published","editor_choice":0,"is_editor_choice":0,"published_at":"2025-01-27 14:36:00","featured_image":"b1cf2a24b46049e900004f25fe7135b2.png","slug":"scom-ile-active-directory-replikasyon-izleme","category_name":"Sistem","category_slug":"sistem","category_color":"#3b82f6"}]