## Backticks (Ters T\u0131rnak) Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/p>
MySQL'de backticks (`` ` ``), \u00f6zellikle s\u00fctun veya tablo adlar\u0131n\u0131n MySQL taraf\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kelimeler (reserved words) olmas\u0131 durumunda hatalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, sorgular\u0131n daha okunabilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, backticks kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ne zaman ve nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>
### 1. **Backticks Kullan\u0131m\u0131**<\/p>
Backticks, MySQL'de ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kelimelerle \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan s\u00fctun veya tablo adlar\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, `group` gibi bir s\u00fctun ad\u0131 kullanmak istedi\u011finizde, bu kelime MySQL'de ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir kelime oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hata alabilirsiniz. Bu durumda, backticks kullanarak bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zebilirsiniz.<\/p>
**\u00d6rnek Kullan\u0131m:**
```sql
SELECT student_name, AVG(test_score) FROM student GROUP BY `group`;
```<\/p>
Bu sorguda, `group` s\u00fctunu backticks i\u00e7ine al\u0131narak MySQL taraf\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir kelime olarak alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 engellenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>
### 2. **Tablo Adlar\u0131nda Backticks Kullan\u0131m\u0131**<\/p>
Backticks, sadece s\u00fctun adlar\u0131nda de\u011fil, tablo adlar\u0131nda da kullan\u0131labilir. \u00d6zellikle JOIN i\u015flemlerinde birden fazla tablo kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, tablo adlar\u0131n\u0131 backticks i\u00e7ine almak sorguyu daha okunabilir hale getirebilir.<\/p>
**\u00d6rnek Kullan\u0131m:**
```sql
SELECT `users`.`username`, `groups`.`group` FROM `users`;
```<\/p>
Bu sorguda, `users` ve `groups` tablo adlar\u0131 backticks i\u00e7ine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, \u00f6zellikle tablo adlar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kelimelerle \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fma ihtimali oldu\u011funda kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>
### 3. **Sorgular\u0131 Daha Okunabilir Hale Getirme**<\/p>
Backticks kullan\u0131m\u0131, sorgular\u0131n daha okunabilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. \u00d6zellikle sorgular\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harfle yazma al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z varsa, backticks kullanarak s\u00fctun ve tablo adlar\u0131n\u0131 daha belirgin hale getirebilirsiniz.<\/p>
**\u00d6rnek:**
```sql
select student_name, AVG(test_score) from student group by group;
```<\/p>
Yukar\u0131daki sorgu, backticks kullan\u0131lmadan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 sorguyu backticks ile yazarsak:<\/p>
```sql
select `student_name`, AVG(`test_score`) from `student` group by `group`;
```<\/p>
Bu \u015fekilde, s\u00fctun ve tablo adlar\u0131 daha belirgin hale gelir ve sorgu daha okunabilir olur.<\/p>
### 4. **MySQL Ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Kelimeler**<\/p>
MySQL'de bir\u00e7ok ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kelime (reserved word) bulunur. Bu kelimeler, sorgularda do\u011frudan kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hatalara neden olabilir. Backticks kullanarak bu kelimeleri g\u00fcvenle kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>
**\u00d6rnek Ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Kelimeler:**
- `SELECT`
- `INSERT`
- `UPDATE`
- `DELETE`
- `GROUP`
- `ORDER`
- `TABLE`<\/p>
Bu kelimeleri s\u00fctun veya tablo ad\u0131 olarak kullanmak istedi\u011finizde, backticks kullanarak hatalar\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>
**\u00d6rnek:**
```sql
CREATE TABLE `order` (
`id` INT PRIMARY KEY,
`product_name` VARCHAR(100)
);
```<\/p>
Bu \u00f6rnekte, `order` tablo ad\u0131 backticks i\u00e7ine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc `ORDER` MySQL'de ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir kelimedir.<\/p>
---<\/p>
Backticks kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u00f6zellikle MySQL'de ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kelimelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken hatalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve sorgular\u0131 daha okunabilir hale getirmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir. Bir sonraki yaz\u0131da, JOIN'ler ve alt sorgular gibi daha geli\u015fmi\u015f SQL konular\u0131na de\u011finece\u011fiz.<\/p>
---<\/p>
<\/p>","excerpt":"Backticks kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u00f6zellikle MySQL'de ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kelimelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken hatalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve sorgular\u0131 daha okunabilir hale getirmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir. Bir sonraki yaz\u0131da, JOIN'ler ve alt sorgular gibi daha geli\u015fmi\u015f SQL konular\u0131na de\u011finece\u011fiz.","created_at":"2025-01-13 14:38:28","updated_at":"2026-09-23 15:06:00","category_id":9,"view_count":586,"reading_time":3,"status":"published","editor_choice":0,"is_editor_choice":0,"published_at":"2025-01-13 14:38:28","featured_image":"resimyok.jpg","slug":"sql-notlari-backticks-ters-tirnak-kullanimi","category_name":"Yaz\u0131l\u0131m","category_slug":"yazilim"}