{"id":257,"title":"LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) sunucu y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n MySQL bile\u015fenini Ubuntu Kurulumu","content":"

LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) sunucu y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n MySQL bile\u015fenini Ubuntu\u2019ya kurulum<\/p>

1. \u00d6ncelikle sistemi g\u00fcncelleyelim:
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
```<\/p>

2. MySQL Server\u2019\u0131 y\u00fckleyelim:
```bash
sudo apt install mysql-server
```<\/p>

3. MySQL\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edelim:
```bash
sudo systemctl status mysql
```<\/p>

4. MySQL g\u00fcvenlik ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131ral\u0131m:
```bash
sudo mysql_secure_installation
```
Bu komut size \u015funlar\u0131 soracak:
- Root \u015fifresi i\u00e7in VALIDATE PASSWORD bile\u015fenini kullanmak isteyip istemedi\u011finiz
- Root i\u00e7in yeni \u015fifre
- Anonim kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 kald\u0131rmak isteyip istemedi\u011finiz
- Root\u2019un uzaktan giri\u015fine izin verilip verilmeyece\u011fi
- Test veritaban\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p kald\u0131r\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131
- Yetki tablolar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden y\u00fcklenip y\u00fcklenmeyece\u011fi<\/p>

5. MySQL\u2019e root olarak giri\u015f yapal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo mysql
```<\/p>

6. Yeni bir veritaban\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m:
```sql
CREATE USER \u2018kullaniciadi\u2019@\u2019localhost\u2019 IDENTIFIED BY \u2018sifreniz\u2019;
```<\/p>

7. Kullan\u0131c\u0131ya yetki verelim:
```sql
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO \u2018kullaniciadi\u2019@\u2019localhost\u2019;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
```<\/p>

8. MySQL\u2019den \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yapal\u0131m:
```sql
EXIT;
```<\/p>

9. Yeni kullan\u0131c\u0131 ile giri\u015f yaparak test edelim:
```bash
mysql -u kullaniciadi -p
```<\/p>

Baz\u0131 faydal\u0131 MySQL komutlar\u0131:
```sql
\u2014 Veritabanlar\u0131n\u0131 listele
SHOW DATABASES;<\/p>

\u2014 Yeni veritaban\u0131 olu\u015ftur
CREATE DATABASE veritabani_adi;<\/p>

\u2014 Veritaban\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7
USE veritabani_adi;<\/p>

\u2014 Tablolar\u0131 listele
SHOW TABLES;
```<\/p>

G\u00fcvenlik \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131:
1. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fifreler kullan\u0131n
2. Sadece gerekli yetkileri verin
3. Root eri\u015fimini s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131n
4. D\u00fczenli yedek al\u0131n<\/p>

MySQL servis y\u00f6netimi komutlar\u0131:
```bash
# MySQL\u2019i durdurmak i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl stop mysql<\/p>

# MySQL\u2019i ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl start mysql<\/p>

# MySQL\u2019i yeniden ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl restart mysql<\/p>

# MySQL\u2019in otomatik ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmak i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl disable mysql<\/p>

# MySQL\u2019in otomatik ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl enable mysql
```<\/p>

MySQL\u2019in yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 konumu: `\/etc\/mysql\/mysql.conf.d\/mysqld.cnf`<\/p>

Yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapt\u0131ktan sonra MySQL\u2019i yeniden ba\u015flatmay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n:
```bash
sudo systemctl restart mysql
```<\/p>

LAMP\u2019in di\u011fer bile\u015fenlerini (Apache ve PHP) kural\u0131m:<\/p>

1. Apache web sunucusunu kural\u0131m:
```bash
sudo apt install apache2
```<\/p>

2. Apache\u2019nin durumunu kontrol edelim:
```bash
sudo systemctl status apache2
```<\/p>

3. Apache\u2019yi firewall\u2019a ekleyelim:
```bash
sudo ufw allow in \u201cApache Full\u201d
```<\/p>

4. PHP ve gerekli mod\u00fclleri kural\u0131m:
```bash
sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php-common php-cli php-json php-common php-mbstring php-zip php-gd php-xml php-curl
```<\/p>

5. PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol edelim:
```bash
php -v
```<\/p>

6. Apache\u2019yi yeniden ba\u015flatal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```<\/p>

7. Test sayfas\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m:
```bash
sudo nano \/var\/www\/html\/info.php
```<\/p>

\u0130\u00e7ine \u015fu kodu ekleyelim:
```php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
```<\/p>

8. Kurulumu test etmek i\u00e7in taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zda \u015fu adresi a\u00e7\u0131n:
```
http:\/\/localhost\/info.php<\/a>
```
veya
```
http:\/\/sunucu_ip_adresi\/info.php<\/a>
```<\/p>

Dizin \u0130zinlerini Ayarlama:
```bash
# Web dizininin sahipli\u011fini www-data kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na ver
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/www\/html\/<\/p>

# Dizin izinlerini ayarla
sudo chmod -R 755 \/var\/www\/html\/
```<\/p>

Apache Temel Komutlar\u0131:
```bash
# Apache\u2019yi durdurmak i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl stop apache2<\/p>

# Apache\u2019yi ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl start apache2<\/p>

# Apache\u2019yi yeniden ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/p>

# Apache durumunu kontrol etmek i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl status apache2
```<\/p>

Virtual Host Olu\u015fturma:
1. Dizin olu\u015fturun:
```bash
sudo mkdir \/var\/www\/siteniz.com
```<\/p>

2. Virtual host dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturun:
```bash
sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/siteniz.com.conf
```<\/p>

3. \u015eu i\u00e7eri\u011fi ekleyin:
```apache
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@siteniz.com<\/a>
ServerName siteniz.com
ServerAlias www.siteniz.com<\/a>
DocumentRoot \/var\/www\/siteniz.com
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/access.log combined
<\/VirtualHost>
```<\/p>

4. Virtual host\u2019u etkinle\u015ftirin:
```bash
sudo a2ensite siteniz.com.conf
sudo systemctl reload apache2
```<\/p>

\u00d6nemli Dosya Konumlar\u0131:
- Apache ana yap\u0131land\u0131rma: `\/etc\/apache2\/apache2.conf`
- PHP yap\u0131land\u0131rma: `\/etc\/php\/\/apache2\/php.ini`
- Apache log dosyalar\u0131: `\/var\/log\/apache2\/`
- Varsay\u0131lan web dizini: `\/var\/www\/html\/`<\/p>

G\u00fcvenlik \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131:
1. D\u00fczenli g\u00fcncellemeleri yap\u0131n
2. Gereksiz PHP mod\u00fcllerini kald\u0131r\u0131n
3. PHP hata mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 production ortam\u0131nda kapat\u0131n
4. SSL sertifikas\u0131 kurun (Let\u2019s Encrypt kullanabilirsiniz)
5. ModSecurity gibi Web Application Firewall kullan\u0131n<\/p>

SSL Sertifikas\u0131 Kurulumu (Let\u2019s Encrypt):
```bash
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache
sudo certbot \u2014 apache
```<\/p>","excerpt":"LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) sunucu y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n MySQL bile\u015fenini Ubuntu\u2019ya kurulum\r\n1. \u00d6ncelikle sistemi g\u00fcncelleyelim:```bashsudo apt updatesudo apt upgrade```\r\n2. MySQL Server\u2019\u0131 y\u00fckleyelim:```bashsudo apt install mysql-server```\r\n3. MySQL\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edelim:```bashsudo systemctl status...","created_at":"2024-12-29 11:36:48","updated_at":"2026-09-08 03:44:16","category_id":10,"view_count":676,"reading_time":4,"status":"published","editor_choice":0,"is_editor_choice":0,"published_at":"2024-12-29 11:36:48","featured_image":"resimyok.jpg","slug":"lamp-linux-apache-mysql-php-sunucu-yigininin-mysql-bilesenini-ubuntu-kurulumu","category_name":"nix Linux Unix","category_slug":"nix-linux-unix","category_color":"#2a1952"}