{"id":244,"title":"Debian Kurulum Notlar\u0131m","content":"
\"\u00d6nder<\/figure>

Debian Kurulum Notlar\u0131m\/ install Notes<\/p>

1. Debian Repository Ekleme \/ Adding Debian Repository
\u2014 Sources.list Dosyas\u0131 Ekleme \/ Adding Sources.list File
\u2014 Temel Repository Format\u0131 \/ Basic Repository Format
\u2014 Resmi Repository\u2019ler \/ Official Repositories
\u2014 GPG Anahtar\u0131 Ekleme \/ Adding GPG Key
\u2014 Repository G\u00fcncelleme \/ Repository Update
\u2014 Backports Repository \/ Backports Repository
\u2014 Third-Party Repository \/ Third-Party Repository
\u2014 Repository Silme \/ Remove Repository
\u2014 Repository Y\u00f6netimi \/ Repository Management
\u2014 HTTPS Deste\u011fi \/ HTTPS Support<\/p>

2. Terminal Kopyalama-Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \/ Terminal Copy-Paste
\u2014 Terminal \u0130\u00e7i Kopyalama \/ In-Terminal Copy
\u2014 Sa\u011f T\u0131k Men\u00fcs\u00fc \/ Right Click Menu
\u2014 Orta Fare Tu\u015fu \/ Middle Mouse Button
\u2014 Terminal K\u0131sayollar\u0131 \/ Terminal Shortcuts
\u2014 Screen Kullan\u0131m\u0131 \/ Screen Usage
\u2014 Tmux Kullan\u0131m\u0131 \/ Tmux Usage
\u2014 Buffer Kopyalama \/ Buffer Copy
\u2014 xclip Kullan\u0131m\u0131 \/ xclip Usage
\u2014 Terminal Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 \/ Terminal Configuration
\u2014 Vim Kopyalama \/ Vim Copy
\u2014 SSH Kopyalama \/ SSH Copy<\/p>

3. Sistem Ask\u0131ya Alma \/ System Suspend
\u2014 Ask\u0131ya Alma Engelleme \/ Prevent Suspend
\u2014 Dosya Kaydetme \/ Save Files
\u2014 Sistem Durumu Kontrol\u00fc \/ System Status Check
\u2014 Ask\u0131ya Alma Y\u00f6netimi \/ Suspend Management
\u2014 Zamanl\u0131 Ask\u0131ya Alma \/ Timed Suspend<\/p>

4. RDP Kurulumu \/ RDP Setup
\u2014 XRDP Kurulumu \/ XRDP Installation
\u2014 XRDP Servis Y\u00f6netimi \/ XRDP Service Management
\u2014 Firewall Ayarlar\u0131 \/ Firewall Settings
\u2014 Masa\u00fcst\u00fc Ortam\u0131 Ayarlar\u0131 \/ Desktop Environment Settings
\u2014 Sorun Giderme \/ Troubleshooting
\u2014 G\u00fcvenlik \u00d6nerileri \/ Security Recommendations
\u2014 Ba\u011flant\u0131 Bilgileri \/ Connection Information<\/p>

5. LAMP install (phpmayadmin + secure install)
6. OpenSSH install
7. Debian\/Linux sisteminde saat ve tarih g\u00fcncelleme i\u015flemleri
8. Debian\/Linux\u2019ta uyku moduna girmeyi engelleme y\u00f6ntemleri
9. FTP sunucusu kurulumu i\u00e7in vsftpd (Very Secure FTP Daemon) kullanaca\u011f\u0131z
10. Debian\u2019a VSCode kurulumunu 
*****************************************************

Debian\u2019da repository (depo) ekleme konusunda size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131m. \u0130\u015fte farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerle repository ekleme ad\u0131mlar\u0131:<\/p>

1. Sources.list Dosyas\u0131 \u00dczerinden Ekleme:
```bash
# Sources.list dosyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n
sudo nano \/etc\/apt\/sources.list<\/p>

# Veya yeni bir dosya olu\u015fturun
sudo nano \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/yeni_repo.list
```<\/p>

2. Temel Repository Format\u0131:
```bash
deb http:\/\/depo-adresi\/debian<\/a> version main contrib non-free
deb-src http:\/\/depo-adresi\/debian<\/a> version main contrib non-free
```<\/p>

3. Debian\u2019\u0131n Resmi Repository\u2019leri (\u00d6rnek):
```bash
# Debian 12 (Bookworm) i\u00e7in
deb http:\/\/deb.debian.org\/debian<\/a> bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http:\/\/deb.debian.org\/debian-security<\/a> bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http:\/\/deb.debian.org\/debian<\/a> bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware<\/p>

# Debian 11 (Bullseye) i\u00e7in
deb http:\/\/deb.debian.org\/debian<\/a> bullseye main contrib non-free
deb http:\/\/security.debian.org\/debian-security<\/a> bullseye-security main contrib non-free
deb http:\/\/deb.debian.org\/debian<\/a> bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
```<\/p>

4. GPG Anahtar\u0131 Ekleme:
```bash
# Anahtar indirme
wget -qO \u2014 https:\/\/paket-adresi\/KEY.gpg<\/a> | sudo apt-key add -<\/p>

# Veya
curl -fsSL https:\/\/paket-adresi\/KEY.gpg<\/a> | sudo gpg \u2014 dearmor -o \/etc\/apt\/trusted.gpg.d\/paket.gpg
```<\/p>

5. Repository G\u00fcncelleme:
```bash
# Paket listelerini g\u00fcncelle
sudo apt update<\/p>

# T\u00fcm paketleri g\u00fcncelle
sudo apt upgrade
```<\/p>

6. Backports Repository Ekleme:
```bash
# Bookworm i\u00e7in
deb http:\/\/deb.debian.org\/debian<\/a> bookworm-backports main contrib non-free<\/p>

# Bullseye i\u00e7in
deb http:\/\/deb.debian.org\/debian<\/a> bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
```<\/p>

7. Third-Party Repository \u00d6rnekleri:<\/p>

PHP Repository:
```bash
# Ondrej PHP PPA
wget -qO \u2014 https:\/\/packages.sury.org\/php\/apt.gpg<\/a> | sudo apt-key add -
echo \u201cdeb https:\/\/packages.sury.org\/php\/<\/a> $(lsb_release -sc) main\u201d | sudo tee \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/php.list
```<\/p>

Node.js Repository:
```bash
# NodeSource repository
curl -fsSL https:\/\/deb.nodesource.com\/setup_lts.x<\/a> | sudo bash -
```<\/p>

8. Repository Silme:
```bash
# sources.list.d dizininden silme
sudo rm \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/repo_adi.list<\/p>

# veya sources.list i\u00e7inden ilgili sat\u0131rlar\u0131 silme\/yorum sat\u0131r\u0131 yapma
sudo nano \/etc\/apt\/sources.list
```<\/p>

9. Repository Y\u00f6netimi \u0130\u00e7in Yararl\u0131 Komutlar:
```bash
# Mevcut repository\u2019leri listele
apt policy<\/p>

# Repository anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 listele
sudo apt-key list<\/p>

# Bozuk repository\u2019leri kontrol et
sudo apt update 2>&1 | grep Err<\/p>

# Repository \u00f6nbelle\u011fini temizle
sudo apt clean
```<\/p>

10. HTTPS Deste\u011fi \u0130\u00e7in:
```bash
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates
```<\/p>

\u00d6nemli Notlar:
- Repository eklerken g\u00fcvenilir kaynaklardan ekledi\u011finizden emin olun
- Her repository ekledikten sonra `sudo apt update` komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n
- Eski\/kullan\u0131lmayan repository\u2019leri sistemden kald\u0131r\u0131n
- Third-party repository\u2019leri dikkatli kullan\u0131n
- Her zaman GPG anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulay\u0131n<\/p>

Bu ad\u0131mlar\u0131 takip ederek Debian sisteminize g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde yeni repository\u2019ler ekleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>

Debian terminalinde kopyalama ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in size farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleri a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131m:<\/p>

1. Terminal \u0130\u00e7inde Kopyalama-Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma:
```bash
# Kopyalama
CTRL + SHIFT + C<\/p>

# Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma
CTRL + SHIFT + V
```<\/p>

2. Sa\u011f T\u0131k Men\u00fcs\u00fc:
```bash
# Fare sa\u011f t\u0131klama ile:
Kopyala (Copy)
Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Paste)
```<\/p>

3. Orta Fare Tu\u015fu ile:
```bash
# Metni se\u00e7tikten sonra:
Orta tu\u015f (tekerlek) ile t\u0131klayarak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma
```<\/p>

4. Terminal K\u0131sayollar\u0131:
```bash
# Metin se\u00e7imi:
SHIFT + Sol\/Sa\u011f ok tu\u015flar\u0131<\/p>

# T\u00fcm metni se\u00e7me:
CTRL + SHIFT + A<\/p>

# Kesme:
CTRL + SHIFT + X
```<\/p>

5. Screen Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in:
```bash
# Copy mode\u2019a ge\u00e7i\u015f:
CTRL + A +
```<\/p>

6. Tmux Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in:
```bash
# Copy mode\u2019a ge\u00e7i\u015f:
CTRL + B +
```<\/p>

7. Terminal Buffer Kopyalama:
```bash
# Son \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131y\u0131 kopyalama
!$<\/p>

# Son komutun tamam\u0131n\u0131 kopyalama
!!
```<\/p>

8. xclip Kullan\u0131m\u0131:
```bash
# xclip kurulumu
sudo apt install xclip<\/p>

# Dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fini panoya kopyalama
cat dosya.txt | xclip -selection clipboard<\/p>

# Komut \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 panoya kopyalama
pwd | xclip -selection clipboard
```<\/p>

9. Terminal Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131:
```bash
# .bashrc veya .zshrc dosyas\u0131na eklenebilecek alias\u2019lar:
alias c=\u2019xclip -selection clipboard\u2019
alias v=\u2019xclip -selection clipboard -o\u2019
```<\/p>

10. Vim Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in:
```bash
# Vim i\u00e7inde kopyalama-yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma:
# Visual mode\u2019a ge\u00e7i\u015f
v<\/p>

# T\u00fcm sat\u0131r\u0131 se\u00e7me
V<\/p>

# Kopyalama
y<\/p>

# Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma
p
```<\/p>

11. SSH \u00dczerinden Kopyalama:
```bash
# SSH oturumunda kopyalama-yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma aktif etme
ssh -X kullanici@sunucu
```<\/p>

\u00d6nemli \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/p>

- Terminal em\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn ayarlar\u0131ndan kopyalama-yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015ftirebilirsiniz
- Baz\u0131 terminal em\u00fclat\u00f6rleri otomatik kopyalama \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir
- UTF-8 karakter kodlamas\u0131 sorunlar\u0131na dikkat edin
- G\u00fcvenlik nedeniyle baz\u0131 terminaller yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemini onay gerektirebilir<\/p>

G\u00fcvenlik Notlar\u0131:
- Hassas bilgileri kopyalarken dikkatli olun
- Pano i\u00e7eri\u011fini d\u00fczenli olarak temizleyin
- G\u00fcvenilmeyen kaynaklardan yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yaparken dikkatli olun<\/p>

Terminal t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re ek \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeler:<\/p>

GNOME Terminal:
```bash
# Ayarlar men\u00fcs\u00fcnden:
D\u00fczenle > Tercihler > K\u0131sayollar
```<\/p>

Konsole:
```bash
# Ayarlar men\u00fcs\u00fcnden:
Ayarlar > K\u0131sayollar\u0131 Yap\u0131land\u0131r
```<\/p>

Bu y\u00f6ntemlerden size en uygun olan\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>

``````
The system will suspend now!
``````
Bu mesaj sistemin ask\u0131ya al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (suspend\/uyku moduna ge\u00e7ece\u011fini) belirten bir uyar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu durumla ilgili bilmeniz gerekenler ve yapabilecekleriniz:<\/p>

1. Sistemin Ask\u0131ya Al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 Engellemek \u0130\u00e7in:
```bash
# Ask\u0131ya almay\u0131 iptal etmek i\u00e7in
sudo systemctl cancel-shutdown<\/p>

# veya
sudo shutdown -c
```<\/p>

2. A\u00e7\u0131k Dosyalar\u0131 Kaydetme:
- T\u00fcm a\u00e7\u0131k belgelerinizi kaydedin
- \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan programlar\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcnce kapat\u0131n
- Devam eden indirmeleri durdurun<\/p>

3. Sistem Durumunu Kontrol:
```bash
# Sistemi kullanan kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in
who<\/p>

# \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015flemleri g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in
ps aux<\/p>

# Sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in
top
```<\/p>

4. Ask\u0131ya Alma \u0130\u015flemini Y\u00f6netme:
```bash
# Manuel ask\u0131ya alma
sudo pm-suspend<\/p>

# Veya
sudo systemctl suspend
```<\/p>

5. Zamanl\u0131 Ask\u0131ya Alma:
```bash
# 30 dakika sonra ask\u0131ya alma
sudo shutdown -h +30<\/p>

# Belirli bir saatte ask\u0131ya alma
sudo shutdown -h 23:00
```<\/p>

\u00d6nemli Notlar:
- A\u00e7\u0131k dosyalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kaydetti\u011finizden emin olun
- \u00d6nemli i\u015flemlerin tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun
- Sistem yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015flerinize kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yerden devam edebilirsiniz<\/p>

Debian\u2019da RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) kurulumu i\u00e7in ad\u0131m ad\u0131m rehber:<\/p>

**T\u00dcRK\u00c7E:**<\/p>

1. **XRDP Kurulumu:**
```bash
# Sistem g\u00fcncellemesi
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y<\/p>

# XRDP ve XFCE4 masa\u00fcst\u00fc ortam\u0131 kurulumu
sudo apt install xrdp xfce4 xfce4-goodies -y
```<\/p>

2. **XRDP Servisini Ba\u015flatma:**
```bash
# XRDP servisini ba\u015flat
sudo systemctl start xrdp<\/p>

# Sistem ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda otomatik ba\u015flatma
sudo systemctl enable xrdp
```<\/p>

3. **Firewall Ayarlar\u0131:**
```bash
# UFW ile port a\u00e7ma
sudo ufw allow 3389\/tcp<\/p>

# Firewall\u2019u yeniden ba\u015flat
sudo ufw reload
```<\/p>

4. **Masa\u00fcst\u00fc Ortam\u0131n\u0131 Ayarlama:**
```bash
# XFCE4 yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturma
echo xfce4-session > ~\/.xsession<\/p>

# XRDP yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleme
sudo nano \/etc\/xrdp\/startwm.sh
```<\/p>

Dosyan\u0131n sonuna ekleyin:
```bash
#!\/bin\/sh
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
unset XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
startxfce4
```<\/p>

5. **Servisi Yeniden Ba\u015flatma:**
```bash
sudo systemctl restart xrdp
```<\/p>

6. **Ba\u011flant\u0131 Durumunu Kontrol Etme:**
```bash
sudo systemctl status xrdp
```<\/p>

**ENGLISH:**<\/p>

1. **Installing XRDP:**
```bash
# System update
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y<\/p>

# Install XRDP and XFCE4 desktop environment
sudo apt install xrdp xfce4 xfce4-goodies -y
```<\/p>

2. **Starting XRDP Service:**
```bash
# Start XRDP service
sudo systemctl start xrdp<\/p>

# Enable automatic start at boot
sudo systemctl enable xrdp
```<\/p>

3. **Firewall Settings:**
```bash
# Open port with UFW
sudo ufw allow 3389\/tcp<\/p>

# Reload firewall
sudo ufw reload
```<\/p>

4. **Setting Up Desktop Environment:**
```bash
# Create XFCE4 configuration file
echo xfce4-session > ~\/.xsession<\/p>

# Edit XRDP configuration file
sudo nano \/etc\/xrdp\/startwm.sh
```<\/p>

Add to end of file:
```bash
#!\/bin\/sh
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
unset XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
startxfce4
```<\/p>

5. **Restart Service:**
```bash
sudo systemctl restart xrdp
```<\/p>

6. **Check Connection Status:**
```bash
sudo systemctl status xrdp
```<\/p>

**Sorun Giderme \/ Troubleshooting:**<\/p>

1. **Ba\u011flant\u0131 Sorunlar\u0131 \/ Connection Issues:**
```bash
# Log kontrol\u00fc \/ Check logs
sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/xrdp.log<\/p>

# Servis durumu \/ Service status
sudo systemctl status xrdp
```<\/p>

2. **\u0130zin Sorunlar\u0131 \/ Permission Issues:**
```bash
# \u0130zinleri d\u00fczenleme \/ Fix permissions
sudo chown xrdp:xrdp \/var\/run\/xrdp.pid
sudo chown xrdp:xrdp \/var\/run\/xrdp.sock
```<\/p>

3. **Port Kontrol\u00fc \/ Port Check:**
```bash
# Port dinleme durumu \/ Port listening status
sudo netstat -tulpn | grep xrdp
```<\/p>

4. **SSL Sertifika Yenileme \/ SSL Certificate Renewal:**
```bash
# Sertifikalar\u0131 yenileme \/ Renew certificates
sudo xrdp-keygen xrdp auto
```<\/p>

**G\u00fcvenlik \u00d6nerileri \/ Security Recommendations:**<\/p>

1. **G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015eifre Kullan\u0131m\u0131 \/ Strong Password Usage:**
```bash
# \u015eifre politikas\u0131 ayarlama \/ Set password policy
sudo apt install libpam-pwquality
sudo nano \/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf
```<\/p>

2. **SSH \u00dczerinden T\u00fcnel \/ SSH Tunneling:**
```bash
# SSH t\u00fcneli olu\u015fturma \/ Create SSH tunnel
ssh -L 3389:localhost:3389 kullanici@sunucu-ip
```<\/p>

3. **Fail2ban Kurulumu \/ Install Fail2ban:**
```bash
sudo apt install fail2ban
sudo cp \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.conf \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.local
sudo nano \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.local
```<\/p>

**Ba\u011flant\u0131 Bilgileri \/ Connection Information:**
- Varsay\u0131lan Port \/ Default Port: 3389
- Protokol \/ Protocol: RDP
- Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Ad\u0131 \/ Username: Linux kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131z \/ Your Linux username
- \u015eifre \/ Password: Linux kullan\u0131c\u0131 \u015fifreniz \/ Your Linux password<\/p>

Windows\u2019tan ba\u011flanmak i\u00e7in \u201cUzak Masa\u00fcst\u00fc Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131\u201d (Remote Desktop Connection) uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz. \/ You can use Remote Desktop Connection application from Windows to connect.<\/p>

Debian\u2019da LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) stack kurulumunu ad\u0131m ad\u0131m anlatay\u0131m:<\/p>

1. Sistem G\u00fcncellemesi \/ System Update:
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
```<\/p>

2. Apache Web Server Kurulumu \/ Apache Installation:
```bash
# Apache kurulumu
sudo apt install apache2<\/p>

# Apache\u2019yi ba\u015flatma
sudo systemctl start apache2
sudo systemctl enable apache2<\/p>

# Durumu kontrol
sudo systemctl status apache2
```<\/p>

3. MySQL (MariaDB) Kurulumu \/ MySQL Installation:
```bash
# MySQL kurulumu
sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client<\/p>

# MySQL\u2019i ba\u015flatma
sudo systemctl start mariadb
sudo systemctl enable mariadb<\/p>

# G\u00fcvenlik yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131
sudo mysql_secure_installation
```<\/p>

4. PHP Kurulumu \/ PHP Installation:
```bash
# PHP ve gerekli mod\u00fcllerin kurulumu
sudo apt install php php-mysql php-cli php-common php-mbstring php-gd php-curl php-xml php-zip<\/p>

# Apache PHP mod\u00fcl\u00fc
sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php<\/p>

# Apache\u2019yi yeniden ba\u015flatma
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```<\/p>

5. Test ve Do\u011frulama \/ Testing:
```bash
# PHP bilgi sayfas\u0131 olu\u015fturma
sudo nano \/var\/www\/html\/info.php
```<\/p>

PHP test dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fi:
```php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
```<\/p>

6. \u0130zinler ve G\u00fcvenlik \/ Permissions:
```bash
# Web dizini izinleri
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/www\/html\/
sudo chmod -R 755 \/var\/www\/html\/
```<\/p>

7. Firewall Ayarlar\u0131 \/ Firewall Settings:
```bash
# HTTP ve HTTPS portlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ma
sudo ufw allow 80\/tcp
sudo ufw allow 443\/tcp
sudo ufw reload
```<\/p>

8. PhpMyAdmin Kurulumu (Opsiyonel) \/ PhpMyAdmin Installation \/phpMyAdmin secure Installation ad\u0131m ad\u0131m yapal\u0131m:<\/p>

1. \u0130lk olarak paket deposunu g\u00fcncelleyelim:
```bash
sudo apt update
```<\/p>

2. phpMyAdmin ve gerekli PHP paketlerini kural\u0131m:
```bash
sudo apt install phpmyadmin php-mbstring php-zip php-gd php-json php-curl
```<\/p>

Kurulum s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u015fu ad\u0131mlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facaks\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p>

- Web sunucusu se\u00e7imi penceresi geldi\u011finde:
\u2014 Apache2 kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z Apache2'yi se\u00e7in (Space tu\u015fu ile se\u00e7im yap\u0131l\u0131r)
\u2014 Tab tu\u015fu ile OK\u2019a gelip Enter\u2019a bas\u0131n<\/p>

- \u201cConfiguring phpmyadmin\u201d ekran\u0131nda:
\u2014 \u201cYes\u201d se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in ve phpMyAdmin veritaban\u0131n\u0131 otomatik yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131na izin verin<\/p>

- Veritaban\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u015fifre belirlemeniz istenecek:
\u2014 G\u00fcvenli bir \u015fifre belirleyin ve not al\u0131n
\u2014 \u015eifreyi tekrar girin<\/p>

3. PHP\u2019yi yeniden ba\u015flatal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```<\/p>

4. G\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in Apache\u2019de phpMyAdmin konfig\u00fcrasyonunu d\u00fczenleyelim:
```bash
sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/conf-available\/phpmyadmin.conf
```<\/p>

5. Apache\u2019yi yeniden ba\u015flatal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```<\/p>

Art\u0131k phpMyAdmin\u2019e eri\u015febilirsiniz:
- Web taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zda \u015fu adresi a\u00e7\u0131n: `http:\/\/localhost\/phpmyadmin`<\/a> veya `http:\/\/sunucu-ip-adresi\/phpmyadmin`<\/a>
- Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 olarak \u201croot\u201d
- \u015eifre olarak MySQL root \u015fifrenizi kullan\u0131n<\/p>

\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/phpmayadmin\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/<\/p>

************gerekirsese yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rma************<\/p>

Tamam, phpMyAdmin\u2019i yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131ral\u0131m:<\/p>

1. \u00d6nce yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rma komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ral\u0131m:
```bash
sudo dpkg-reconfigure phpmyadmin
```<\/p>

Bu komuttan sonra kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar \u00e7\u0131kacak:<\/p>

2. Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Ad\u0131mlar\u0131:
\u2014 Web sunucusu se\u00e7imi ekran\u0131nda:
\u2014 Apache2'yi se\u00e7in (Space tu\u015fu ile)
\u2014 Tab tu\u015fu ile OK\u2019a gelip Enter\u2019a bas\u0131n<\/p>

- \u201cConfigure database for phpmyadmin with dbconfig-common?\u201d sorusuna:
\u2014 \u201cYes\u201d se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in<\/p>

- phpMyAdmin veritaban\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fifre belirleme:
\u2014 G\u00fcvenli bir \u015fifre girin (\u00f6rne\u011fin: \u015fifreniz)
\u2014 \u015eifreyi tekrar girin<\/p>

3. Yap\u0131land\u0131rma tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, gerekli servisleri yeniden ba\u015flatal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo systemctl restart mysql
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```<\/p>

4. \u0130zinleri kontrol edelim:
```bash
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/etc\/phpmyadmin\/
sudo chmod 644 \/etc\/phpmyadmin\/config.inc.php
```<\/p>

5. MySQL\u2019de root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yetkilendirmesini yapal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo mysql
```<\/p>

MySQL komut sat\u0131r\u0131nda:
```sql
ALTER USER \u2018root\u2019@\u2019localhost\u2019 IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY \u2018\u015fifre\u2019;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;
```<\/p>

6. Son olarak, t\u00fcm ayarlar\u0131n do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak i\u00e7in tekrar servisleri yeniden ba\u015flatal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo systemctl restart mysql
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```<\/p>

\u015eimdi web taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan phpMyAdmin\u2019e eri\u015fmeyi deneyin:
```
http:\/\/localhost\/phpmyadmin<\/a>
```
veya
```
http:\/\/sunucu-ip-adresi\/phpmyadmin<\/a>
```<\/p>

Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131: root
\u015eifre: \u015fifre<\/p>

E\u011fer hala bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z, l\u00fctfen hatay\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131n. Size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaya devam edece\u011fim.<\/p>

*********************************************************<\/p>

G\u00fcvenlik \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131:
1. phpMyAdmin dizinini yeniden adland\u0131rabilirsiniz
2. .htaccess ile ek g\u00fcvenlik katman\u0131 ekleyebilirsiniz
3. Eri\u015fimi belirli IP adreslerine k\u0131s\u0131tlayabilirsiniz<\/p>

\u00d6nemli Dizinler \/ Important Directories:
```bash
# Web root dizini
\/var\/www\/html\/<\/p>

# Apache yap\u0131land\u0131rma
\/etc\/apache2\/<\/p>

# PHP yap\u0131land\u0131rma
\/etc\/php\/<\/p>

# MySQL yap\u0131land\u0131rma
\/etc\/mysql\/
```<\/p>

Temel Komutlar \/ Basic Commands:
```bash
# Apache y\u00f6netimi
sudo systemctl start|stop|restart|status apache2<\/p>

# MySQL y\u00f6netimi
sudo systemctl start|stop|restart|status mariadb<\/p>

# Apache hata loglar\u0131
sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/apache2\/error.log<\/p>

# PHP hata loglar\u0131
sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/php_errors.log
```<\/p>

G\u00fcvenlik \u00d6nerileri \/ Security Tips:
1. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fifreler kullan\u0131n \/ Use strong passwords
2. D\u00fczenli g\u00fcncellemeleri yap\u0131n \/ Regular updates
3. SSL sertifikas\u0131 kurun \/ Install SSL certificate
4. G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n \/ Configure firewall
5. Dosya izinlerini kontrol edin \/ Check file permissions<\/p>

SSL Sertifikas\u0131 Kurulumu \/ SSL Certificate:
```bash
# Let\u2019s Encrypt kurulumu
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache<\/p>

# Sertifika alma
sudo certbot \u2014 apache
```<\/p>

Virtual Host Olu\u015fturma \/ Creating Virtual Host:
```bash
# Yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturma
sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/site.conf<\/p>

# Virtual host aktif etme
sudo a2ensite site.conf
sudo systemctl reload apache2
```<\/p>

Hata Ay\u0131klama \/ Troubleshooting:
1. Apache error logs kontrol
2. PHP error logs kontrol
3. MySQL error logs kontrol
4. \u0130zinlerin do\u011frulu\u011funu kontrol
5. Mod\u00fcllerin aktif oldu\u011funu kontrol<\/p>

Not \/ Note:
- Her kurulumdan sonra servisleri yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n
- G\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemelerini d\u00fczenli takip edin
- Yedekleme rutini olu\u015fturun
- Performans optimizasyonu yap\u0131n<\/p>

SSH Server kurulumunu ad\u0131m ad\u0131m anlat\u0131yorum:<\/p>

1. SSH Server Kurulumu \/ SSH Server Installation:
```bash
# G\u00fcncelleme
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade<\/p>

# OpenSSH Server kurulumu
sudo apt install openssh-server
```<\/p>

2. Servis Y\u00f6netimi \/ Service Management:
```bash
# Servisi ba\u015flatma
sudo systemctl start ssh<\/p>

# Otomatik ba\u015flatma
sudo systemctl enable ssh<\/p>

# Servis durumu kontrol\u00fc
sudo systemctl status ssh
```<\/p>

3. Temel G\u00fcvenlik Ayarlar\u0131 \/ Basic Security Settings:
```bash
# SSH yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131
sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/p>

# \u00d6nemli g\u00fcvenlik ayarlar\u0131:
Port 2222 # Varsay\u0131lan portu de\u011fi\u015ftir
PermitRootLogin no # Root giri\u015fini engelle
PasswordAuthentication no # \u015eifre ile giri\u015fi kapat
PubkeyAuthentication yes # Anahtar ile giri\u015fe izin ver
AllowUsers kullanici1 # \u0130zin verilen kullan\u0131c\u0131lar
MaxAuthTries 3 # Maksimum deneme say\u0131s\u0131
```<\/p>

4. Firewall Ayarlar\u0131 \/ Firewall Settings:
```bash
# SSH portu i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rma
sudo ufw allow 2222\/tcp
sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw status
```<\/p>

5. SSH Anahtar Y\u00f6netimi \/ SSH Key Management:
```bash
# Client taraf\u0131nda anahtar olu\u015fturma
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096<\/p>

# A\u00e7\u0131k anahtar\u0131 sunucuya kopyalama
ssh-copy-id -p 2222 kullanici@sunucu_ip
```<\/p>

6. SSH Ba\u011flant\u0131 Test \/ SSH Connection Test:
```bash
# SSH ba\u011flant\u0131 testi
ssh -p 2222 kullanici@sunucu_ip
```<\/p>

7. Log Kontrol\u00fc \/ Log Monitoring:
```bash
# SSH loglar\u0131n\u0131 izleme
sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/auth.log
```<\/p>

8. Fail2ban Kurulumu \/ Fail2ban Installation:
```bash
# Fail2ban kurulumu
sudo apt install fail2ban<\/p>

# Yap\u0131land\u0131rma
sudo cp \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.conf \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.local
sudo nano \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.local
```<\/p>

9. \u0130zinler \/ Permissions:
```bash
# SSH dizini izinleri
chmod 700 ~\/.ssh
chmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys
```<\/p>

10. G\u00fcvenlik \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131 \/ Security Tips:
- G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fifreler kullan\u0131n
- Varsay\u0131lan portu de\u011fi\u015ftirin
- Anahtar tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulama kullan\u0131n
- Fail2ban kullan\u0131n
- Loglar\u0131 d\u00fczenli kontrol edin<\/p>

11. Sorun Giderme \/ Troubleshooting:
```bash
# Ba\u011flant\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 i\u00e7in debug modu
ssh -vv kullanici@sunucu_ip<\/p>

# SSH servis durumu
sudo systemctl status ssh<\/p>

# Port kontrol\u00fc
sudo netstat -tulpn | grep ssh
```<\/p>

12. SSH Config \u00d6rne\u011fi \/ SSH Config Example:
```bash
# ~\/.ssh\/config dosyas\u0131
Host sunucu_adi
HostName sunucu_ip
Port 2222
User kullanici
IdentityFile ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa
```<\/p>

13. Otomatik Ba\u011flant\u0131 \/ Auto Connection:
```bash
# Anahtar olu\u015fturma (parolas\u0131z)
ssh-keygen -t rsa -N \u201c\u201d -f ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa<\/p>

# Anahtar\u0131 sunucuya kopyalama
ssh-copy-id -i ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub kullanici@sunucu_ip
```<\/p>

\u00d6nemli Notlar \/ Important Notes:
- Her de\u011fi\u015fiklikten sonra servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n
- G\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemelerini d\u00fczenli yap\u0131n
- Yedekleme rutini olu\u015fturun
- Sadece gerekli portlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k tutun
- SSH anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvenli saklay\u0131n<\/p>

Yararl\u0131 Komutlar \/ Useful Commands:
```bash
# Ba\u011fl\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6rme
who<\/p>

# Aktif SSH oturumlar\u0131
w<\/p>

# SSH versiyonu kontrol
ssh -V<\/p>

# SSH anahtar parmak izi
ssh-keygen -l -f ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub
```
Debian\/Linux sisteminde saat ve tarih g\u00fcncelleme i\u015flemleri<\/p>

# Sadece saat ayarlama
sudo date +%T -s \u201c14:30:00\u201d<\/p>

# Sadece tarih ayarlama
sudo date +%Y%m%d -s \u201c20241124\u201d
```<\/p>

2. NTP (Network Time Protocol) ile Otomatik Ayarlama:
```bash
# NTP kurulumu
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ntp<\/p>

# NTP servisi ba\u015flatma
sudo systemctl start ntp
sudo systemctl enable ntp<\/p>

# NTP durumu kontrol\u00fc
sudo systemctl status ntp
```<\/p>

3. Zaman Dilimi Ayarlar\u0131 \/ Timezone Settings:
```bash
# Mevcut zaman dilimini g\u00f6rme
timedatectl<\/p>

# Kullan\u0131labilir zaman dilimlerini listeleme
timedatectl list-timezones<\/p>

# Zaman dilimini de\u011fi\u015ftirme
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Europe\/Istanbul
```<\/p>

4. Donan\u0131m Saati Senkronizasyonu:
```bash
# Sistem saatini donan\u0131m saatine yazma
sudo hwclock \u2014 systohc<\/p>

# Donan\u0131m saatini okuma
sudo hwclock \u2014 show<\/p>

5. Chrony ile Saat Senkronizasyonu:
```bash
# Chrony kurulumu
sudo apt install chrony<\/p>

# Servisi ba\u015flatma
sudo systemctl start chronyd
sudo systemctl enable chronyd<\/p>

# Durum kontrol\u00fc
chronyc tracking
```<\/p>

Yararl\u0131 Komutlar \/ Useful Commands:
```bash
# Mevcut saat ve tarihi g\u00f6sterme
date<\/p>

# NTP sunucular\u0131 ile senkronizasyon durumu
ntpq -p<\/p>

# Sistem saati ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rme
timedatectl status<\/p>

# Zaman senkronizasyonunu kontrol etme
sudo timedatectl set-ntp true
```<\/p>

Not \/ Notes:
- Sunucu sistemlerinde NTP kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6nerilir
- Zaman dilimi de\u011fi\u015fikliklerinde sistemin yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekebilir
- Saat de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi baz\u0131 servisleri etkileyebilir
- Donan\u0131m saati UTC format\u0131nda tutulur<\/p>

Debian\/Linux\u2019ta uyku moduna girmeyi engelleme y\u00f6ntemleri:<\/p>

1. Sistem Ayarlar\u0131ndan Engelleme \/ System Settings:
```bash
# G\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00f6netimi ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme
sudo systemctl mask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target<\/p>

# Servisleri kontrol etme
systemctl status sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target
```<\/p>

2. Komut Sat\u0131r\u0131 ile Ge\u00e7ici Engelleme \/ Temporary Prevention:
```bash
# systemd-inhibit kullan\u0131m\u0131
systemd-inhibit \u2014 what=sleep \u2014 who=\u201d$USER\u201d \u2014 why=\u201dPrevent suspend\u201d \u2014 mode=block sleep infinity<\/p>

# caffeine benzeri uygulama
sudo apt install caffeine
```<\/p>

3. G\u00fc\u00e7 Y\u00f6netimi Ayarlar\u0131 \/ Power Management:
```bash
# GNOME i\u00e7in
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-ac-type \u2018nothing\u2019
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-battery-type \u2018nothing\u2019<\/p>

# KDE i\u00e7in
qdbus org.kde.Solid.PowerManagement \/org\/kde\/Solid\/PowerManagement set suppressSleep true
```<\/p>

4. systemd Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 \/ systemd Configuration:
```bash
# logind.conf d\u00fczenleme
sudo nano \/etc\/systemd\/logind.conf<\/p>

# Eklenecek\/de\u011fi\u015ftirilecek sat\u0131rlar:
HandleLidSwitch=ignore
HandleLidSwitchExternalPower=ignore
IdleAction=ignore
```<\/p>

5. DPMS (Ekran G\u00fc\u00e7 Y\u00f6netimi) Ayarlar\u0131:
```bash
# DPMS\u2019i devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakma
xset -dpms
xset s off<\/p>

# Kal\u0131c\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in ~\/.xprofile\u2019a ekleyin:
echo \u201cxset -dpms\u201d >> ~\/.xprofile
echo \u201cxset s off\u201d >> ~\/.xprofile
```<\/p>

6. Otomatik Script Olu\u015fturma \/ Create Automatic Script:
```bash
# Script olu\u015fturma
sudo nano \/usr\/local\/bin\/prevent-suspend.sh<\/p>

# Script i\u00e7eri\u011fi
#!\/bin\/bash
while true; do
xdotool keydown Shift; xdotool keyup Shift
sleep 59
done<\/p>

# \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir yapma
sudo chmod +x \/usr\/local\/bin\/prevent-suspend.sh
```<\/p>

7. Kernel Parametreleri \/ Kernel Parameters:
```bash
# GRUB yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131
sudo nano \/etc\/default\/grub<\/p>

# Eklenecek parametre
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\u201dquiet splash noacpi\u201d<\/p>

# GRUB g\u00fcncelleme
sudo update-grub
```<\/p>

8. Otomatik Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Ayar\u0131 \/ Autostart Setting:
```bash
# Autostart dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturma
mkdir -p ~\/.config\/autostart
nano ~\/.config\/autostart\/prevent-suspend.desktop<\/p>

# Dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fi

Type=Application
Name=Prevent Suspend
Exec=\/usr\/local\/bin\/prevent-suspend.sh
Hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
```<\/p>

\u00d6nemli Notlar \/ Important Notes:
- Baz\u0131 ayarlar masa\u00fcst\u00fc ortam\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015febilir
- Sistem g\u00fcncellemelerinde ayarlar s\u0131f\u0131rlanabilir
- Pil kullan\u0131m\u0131 artabilir
- G\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri i\u00e7in sistem yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/p>

Sorun Giderme \/ Troubleshooting:
```bash
# G\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00f6netimi durumu
powerprofilesctl get<\/p>

# Uyku modu durumu
systemctl status systemd-suspend.service<\/p>

# Aktif inhibit\u00f6rleri g\u00f6rme
systemd-inhibit \u2014 list
```<\/p>

GUI Uygulamalar\u0131 \/ GUI Applications:
- Caffeine
- GNOME Tweaks
- KDE System Settings
- Power Manager Settings<\/p>

Her masa\u00fcst\u00fc ortam\u0131 i\u00e7in ayarlar farkl\u0131 olabilir, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ortama g\u00f6re uygun y\u00f6ntemi se\u00e7in.<\/p>

9. FTP sunucusu kurmak i\u00e7in vsftpd (Very Secure FTP Daemon) kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. Ad\u0131m ad\u0131m kural\u0131m:<\/p>

1. \u00d6nce vsftpd\u2019yi y\u00fckleyelim:
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install vsftpd
```<\/p>

2. Orijinal config dosyas\u0131n\u0131 yedekleyelim:
```bash
sudo cp \/etc\/vsftpd.conf \/etc\/vsftpd.conf.backup
```<\/p>

3. vsftpd.conf dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyelim:
```bash
sudo nano \/etc\/vsftpd.conf
```<\/p>

vsftpd.conf i\u00e7eri\u011fini \u015fu \u015fekilde d\u00fczenleyelim:
```conf
# Temel Ayarlar
listen=YES
listen_ipv6=NO
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
use_localtime=YES<\/p>

# G\u00fcvenlik Ayarlar\u0131
chroot_local_user=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
ssl_enable=NO
pasv_enable=YES
pasv_min_port=40000
pasv_max_port=40100<\/p>

# Logging
xferlog_enable=YES
xferlog_file=\/var\/log\/vsftpd.log
xferlog_std_format=YES<\/p>

# www klas\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6zel ayarlar
local_root=\/var\/www
user_sub_token=$USER
```<\/p>

4. FTP i\u00e7in yeni bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m:
```bash
sudo adduser ftpuser
```
(Sizden \u015fifre ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 bilgileri isteyecek, bunlar\u0131 doldurun)<\/p>

5. Kullan\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 www-data grubuna ekleyelim:
```bash
sudo usermod -aG www-data ftpuser
```<\/p>

6. www dizini i\u00e7in izinleri d\u00fczenleyelim:
```bash
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/www
sudo chmod -R 775 \/var\/www
```<\/p>

7. vsftpd servisini yeniden ba\u015flatal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo systemctl restart vsftpd
```<\/p>

8. Firewall ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 yapal\u0131m (e\u011fer UFW kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z):
```bash
sudo ufw allow 20\/tcp
sudo ufw allow 21\/tcp
sudo ufw allow 40000:40100\/tcp
sudo ufw enable
```<\/p>

Art\u0131k FTP sunucunuz haz\u0131r! \u015eu bilgilerle ba\u011flanabilirsiniz:
- Host: sunucu-ip-adresi
- Port: 21
- Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131: ftpuser
- \u015eifre: (olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz \u015fifre)<\/p>

FTP istemcisi olarak \u015funlar\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz:
- FileZilla
- WinSCP (Windows i\u00e7in)
- Cyberduck (Mac i\u00e7in)<\/p>

G\u00fcvenlik \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131:
1. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fifreler kullan\u0131n
2. M\u00fcmk\u00fcnse SFTP kullan\u0131n (daha g\u00fcvenli)
3. Sadece gerekli dizinlere eri\u015fim verin
4. D\u00fczenli olarak log dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin<\/p>

\u00d6rnek bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve klas\u00f6r eri\u015fimi i\u00e7in; k\u00f6k dizinideki python klas\u00f6r\u00fcne \u00f6zel bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 eri\u015fimi yapaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>

Python klas\u00f6r\u00fcne eri\u015fim i\u00e7in yeni bir FTP kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m:<\/p>

1. Yeni bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m:
```bash
sudo adduser pythonuser
```
(\u015eifre ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 bilgilerini doldurun)<\/p>

2. Python klas\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz i\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin \/python) dizin olu\u015ftural\u0131m:
```bash
sudo mkdir \/python
```<\/p>

3. Klas\u00f6r sahipli\u011fi ve izinlerini ayarlayal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo chown -R pythonuser:pythonuser \/python
sudo chmod -R 755 \/python
```<\/p>

4. vsftpd.conf dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyelim:
```bash
sudo nano \/etc\/vsftpd.conf
```<\/p>

Dosyaya \u015fu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 ekleyelim (e\u011fer yoksa):
```conf
# Kullan\u0131c\u0131 bazl\u0131 dizin yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131
user_sub_token=$USER
local_root=\/home\/$USER<\/p>

# G\u00fcvenlik ayarlar\u0131
chroot_local_user=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
write_enable=YES<\/p>

# Kullan\u0131c\u0131 listesi ayarlar\u0131
userlist_enable=YES
userlist_file=\/etc\/vsftpd.userlist
userlist_deny=NO
```<\/p>

5. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 listesi olu\u015ftural\u0131m:
```bash
sudo nano \/etc\/vsftpd.userlist
```<\/p>

Bu dosyaya kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 ekleyelim:
```
ftpuser
pythonuser
```<\/p>

6. Python kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m:
```bash
sudo mkdir -p \/etc\/vsftpd\/users
sudo nano \/etc\/vsftpd\/users\/pythonuser
```<\/p>

\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi \u015fu \u015fekilde olsun:
```
local_root=\/python
```<\/p>

7. Ana vsftpd.conf dosyas\u0131na bu kullan\u0131c\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 ekleyelim:
```bash
sudo nano \/etc\/vsftpd.conf
```<\/p>

Dosyan\u0131n sonuna ekleyin:
```conf
user_config_dir=\/etc\/vsftpd\/users
```<\/p>

8. Servisi yeniden ba\u015flatal\u0131m:
```bash
sudo systemctl restart vsftpd
```<\/p>

9. \u0130zinleri test edelim:
```bash
sudo -u pythonuser touch \/python\/test.txt
```<\/p>

Art\u0131k \u015fu bilgilerle ba\u011flanabilirsiniz:
- Host: sunucu-ip-adresi
- Port: 21
- Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131: pythonuser
- \u015eifre: (olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz \u015fifre)<\/p>

Test etmek i\u00e7in:
1. FileZilla veya ba\u015fka bir FTP istemcisi kullan\u0131n
2. Yukar\u0131daki bilgilerle ba\u011flan\u0131n
3. \/python dizinine dosya y\u00fcklemeyi deneyin<\/p>

G\u00fcvenlik notlar\u0131:
1. Python klas\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir dosyalar i\u00e7in dikkatli olun
2. D\u00fczenli olarak log dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin
3. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fifre kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun<\/p>

10. Debian\u2019a VSCode kurulumunu ad\u0131m ad\u0131m yapal\u0131m:<\/p>

1. \u00d6nce gerekli ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00fckleyelim:
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install software-properties-common apt-transport-https wget gpg
```<\/p>

2. Microsoft GPG anahtar\u0131n\u0131 indirelim ve ekleyelim:
```bash
wget -qO- https:\/\/packages.microsoft.com\/keys\/microsoft.asc<\/a> | gpg \u2014 dearmor > packages.microsoft.gpg
sudo install -D -o root -g root -m 644 packages.microsoft.gpg \/etc\/apt\/keyrings\/packages.microsoft.gpg
```<\/p>

3. VSCode deposunu sisteme ekleyelim:
```bash
sudo sh -c \u2018echo \u201cdeb https:\/\/packages.microsoft.com\/repos\/code<\/a> stable main\u201d > \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/vscode.list\u2019
```<\/p>

4. Paket listesini g\u00fcncelleyelim:
```bash
sudo apt update
```<\/p>

5. VSCode\u2019u y\u00fckleyelim:
```bash
sudo apt install code
```<\/p>

Yararl\u0131 VSCode Eklentileri (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131):<\/p>

Python Geli\u015ftirme i\u00e7in:
```
- Python (Microsoft)
- Pylance
- Python Indent
- autoDocstring
```<\/p>

Web Geli\u015ftirme i\u00e7in:
```
- Live Server
- HTML CSS Support
- JavaScript (ES6) code snippets
- ESLint
```<\/p>

PHP Geli\u015ftirme i\u00e7in:
```
- PHP Intelephense
- PHP Debug
- PHP Extension Pack
```<\/p>

Git i\u00e7in:
```
- GitLens
- Git History
```<\/p>

Genel Kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in:
```
- Material Icon Theme
- One Dark Pro
- Remote \u2014 SSH
- Remote Development
```<\/p>

VSCode Temel Ayarlar\u0131:<\/p>

1. Otomatik kaydetme:
File > Preferences > Settings
- \u201cFiles: Auto Save\u201d se\u00e7ene\u011fini \u201cafterDelay\u201d yap\u0131n<\/p>

2. Yaz\u0131 tipi boyutu:
File > Preferences > Settings
- \u201cEditor: Font Size\u201d de\u011ferini istedi\u011finiz boyuta ayarlay\u0131n<\/p>

3. Tema de\u011fi\u015ftirme:
File > Preferences > Color Theme
- \u0130stedi\u011finiz temay\u0131 se\u00e7in<\/p>

4. Terminal entegrasyonu:
```
Ctrl + ` (backtick) ile terminali a\u00e7abilirsiniz
```<\/p>

Temel VSCode K\u0131sayollar\u0131:
```
Ctrl + P : Dosya arama
Ctrl + Shift + P : Komut paleti
Ctrl + , : Ayarlar
Ctrl + B : Kenar \u00e7ubu\u011funu gizle\/g\u00f6ster
Ctrl + ` : Terminal a\u00e7\/kapa
Ctrl + \/ : Sat\u0131r yorumu
Alt + Up\/Down : Sat\u0131r\u0131 yukar\u0131\/a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131
Ctrl + D : Sonraki e\u015fle\u015fmeyi se\u00e7
```<\/p>

Proje Dizini A\u00e7ma:
1. VSCode\u2019u ba\u015flat\u0131n
2. File > Open Folder
3. Proje dizininizi se\u00e7in<\/p>

VSCode\u2019u g\u00fcncellemek i\u00e7in:
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade code
```<\/p>

VSCode\u2019u kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in:
```bash
sudo apt remove code
sudo apt autoremove
```<\/p>","excerpt":"Debian Kurulum Notlar\u0131m\/ install Notes","created_at":"2024-12-29 11:41:17","updated_at":"2026-09-23 16:32:38","category_id":10,"view_count":728,"reading_time":23,"status":"published","editor_choice":0,"is_editor_choice":0,"published_at":"2024-12-29 11:41:17","featured_image":"resimyok.jpg","slug":"debian-kurulum-notlarim","category_name":"nix Linux Unix","category_slug":"nix-linux-unix","category_color":"#2a1952"}